51 lines
1.5 KiB
ReStructuredText
51 lines
1.5 KiB
ReStructuredText
|
Certifi: Python SSL Certificates
|
||
|
|
================================
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
`Certifi`_ is a carefully curated collection of Root Certificates for
|
||
|
|
validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity
|
||
|
|
of TLS hosts. It has been extracted from the `Requests`_ project.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Installation
|
||
|
|
------------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
``certifi`` is available on PyPI. Simply install it with ``pip``::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
$ pip install certifi
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Usage
|
||
|
|
-----
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
To reference the installed certificate authority (CA) bundle, you can use the
|
||
|
|
built-in function::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> import certifi
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
>>> certifi.where()
|
||
|
|
'/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem'
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Or from the command line::
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
$ python -m certifi
|
||
|
|
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Enjoy!
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1024-bit Root Certificates
|
||
|
|
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Browsers and certificate authorities have concluded that 1024-bit keys are
|
||
|
|
unacceptably weak for certificates, particularly root certificates. For this
|
||
|
|
reason, Mozilla has removed any weak (i.e. 1024-bit key) certificate from its
|
||
|
|
bundle, replacing it with an equivalent strong (i.e. 2048-bit or greater key)
|
||
|
|
certificate from the same CA. Because Mozilla removed these certificates from
|
||
|
|
its bundle, ``certifi`` removed them as well.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
In previous versions, ``certifi`` provided the ``certifi.old_where()`` function
|
||
|
|
to intentionally re-add the 1024-bit roots back into your bundle. This was not
|
||
|
|
recommended in production and therefore was removed at the end of 2018.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
.. _`Certifi`: https://certifi.io/en/latest/
|
||
|
|
.. _`Requests`: http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|